Ethical Issues in Social Networking - 851 Words

When social networking becomes a topic of discussion, everyone sees it as a web based interaction between human beings in order to stay in contact. However, many are not aware that social networks actually operates on different levels. (Nanda, n.d.) outlines, quite some time ago, when there were limited means of communication, social networking happens at functions where friends and family get together under one roof. Social networking has always been common but as for now, the way it is conducted has changed. In this globalization era, social networking websites such as Facebook, MySpace, Orkut and Twitter are being utilized just for any purpose especially in multi level marketing, meeting new individuals and building virtual†¦show more content†¦It creates an awkward atmosphere when meeting a client face to face due to different impressions about one another without taking considerations of their own privacy. Another ethical issue that is getting extreme today is when companies go beyond limits of checking out a person`s social network profile. It does not just stop there. Some employers ask around randomly among the employees for the log in informations into their online social network sites. Based on an article by McFarland (2012), Justin Bassett, a New York City statistician, was having interview session with the authorities of a company he is looking forward to work in. Just after a few questions he is merely asked to hand in his username and password to his Facebook profile because they have no access looking into the content of his social network site. Bassett immediately withdrew his application because he did not want to work for a company that wants to bother his personal life. As much to this, it is obvious that this organization is not being ethical enough. Violating others personal privacy is not a way to get to know a person. Everyone needs a space where they can be themselv es and just who they are out of the corporate world. Cases like this brings down a company image and causes a thorough effect to the public relations department. Public relations practitioners would go through a lot of challenges toShow MoreRelatedSocial Networking Sites and Privacy1155 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction What do about ninety percent of us have in common? It’s the social networking sites that everyone is a part of these days, whether it’s your twelve year old nephew or your grandmother. Spending hours and hours connecting with your old friends and making new friends over the social networking sites has become a part of everyone’s daily routine. Nonetheless, recently privacy concerns over the social networking sites have taken its peak. Background It all started several decades back,Read MoreEthical Issues Of Social Media963 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Issues in Social Media Emerging Information Technologies are faced with numerous ethical issues. One of the most centers of ethical debate in Information Technology is social networks. Social networking has changed from a niche phenomenon to mass adoption. Although the concept of social networking was formulated in the 1960s, the advent of fast internet has sent the concept viral. Currently, social networks have been dogged with myriad ethical issues. Privacy issues are the epicenter of theseRead MoreEssay on Ethical Issues with Social Media1505 Words   |  7 PagesCurrent Ethical Issues with Social Media People are increasingly sharing their lives online through social networking sites with little concern for who may be viewing their information. This has become an issue in current times and is up for debate based on the ethical issues associated with Social Media. People don’t realize joining a social network is like joining a community. As any community in real life, your business has a place in the community but should not invade one’s privacy. Social networkingRead MoreAssignment B1 1 Essay examples860 Words   |  4 Pages(12%) This assignment gives you an opportunity to analyze a key IT-related organizational ethical privacy issue subject to relevant laws, regulations, and policies. Both of the following sites provide sources and an excellent backdrop for issues relating to privacy protection and the law. See EPIC Report  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ at:  Ã‚  http://epic.org/reports/  Ã‚  See List on left:  Ã‚  HOT POLICY ISSUES and/or:   https://www.eff.org/issues/privacy   [see list at right on this page] This includes sub-topics discussing informationRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Society And Changed The World1549 Words   |  7 PagesThe use of social media has vastly impacted society and changed the world. But what is social media? The definition of social media obtained from the Merriam-Webster dictionary is forms of electronic communication (as Web sites for social networking and microblogging) through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content. Social media websites have actually been around for a while, the first one was created in 1997. Social networking wasn’t asRead MoreApply Decision-Making Frameworks to It-Related Ethical Issue.1134 Words   |  5 Pagescommunication is social networking. During the recent years, social networking has been the victim of ethical issues concerning vigilance and safeguard of privacy for the members and their personal data. The invasion of personal information is a c ause of distress for many individuals and organizations. Moreover, it has become an issue that requires constant effort from the concerned parties who are striving to create a safe and comfortable environment for everyone to communicate on these social sites. DuringRead MoreSocial Media On The Work Place1529 Words   |  7 PagesSOCIAL MEDIA IN THE WORK PLACE ABSTRACT: Social media is the most common technical tool which is being used by the complete society in recent days. In addition, it plays a paramount role in the business world to maintain a continuous and flexible contact with the company employees. Further, there are two types of social media sites which are enterprise social media site and the consumer social media site. Enterprise social media network is for private use and the consumer social media is availableRead MorePrivacy and Computer Technology1813 Words   |  7 Pagesso are ethical issues. Because of the widespread, computer ethics are boiling down distinguishing what is good from what is wrong mentality. Everyones view on computer ethics differ, however all should keep in mind the value of ethics when making decisions that are ethics based. The golden rules of computer ethics state that, one should do to one another what he/she thinks should be done to them and if at least quite a number of people obey the golden rule, then the re would be no many issues concerningRead MoreEthics in Technology Essay1555 Words   |  7 Pagestheir contribution to the development of computer technology would produce positive impacts on the people that would use it. During the infancy of computer technology, ethical issues concerning computer technology were almost nonexistent because computers back then were not as multifaceted as they are today. However, ethical issues relating to computer technology and cyber technology is undeniable in today’s society. Computer technology plays a crucial role in all aspects of our daily lives. DifferentRead MoreThe Facebook Profile: A Right or a Violation? Essay example1027 Words   |  5 PagesSocial networking sites such as Twitter or Facebook have created a new ethical dilemma for many businesses. Corporations, small businesses, and even universities are struggling create policies to manage their employees social networking behaviors. Social networking access, particularl y for recruiters, can provide personal information about potential employees, which would otherwise not be available. A business must follow statutes and guidelines when disclosing information to the public. Individuals

Field Attachment Report - 2692 Words

REPORT ON FIELD ATTACHEMENT AT AMOLATAR DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT BY AYEN MORIS OKUCU BEAS/31524/102/DU. ACADEMIC SUPERVISOR SIGNATURE †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ NAME †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ DATE †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ A FIELD ATTACHEMENT REPORT SUBMITTED TO KAMPALA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF DEGEREE OF BACHELOR OF ECONOMICS AND APPLIED STASISTICS AUGUST 2012 DECLEARATION I, AYEN MORIS OKUCU declare that this report my own as a result of field training and has never been submitted to any institution of learning for any academic award. Signature †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Name †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Date†¦show more content†¦5 CHAPTER TWO 6 MANAGEMENT OF THE INTERNSHIP TRAINING 6 2.0 INTRODUCTION. 6 2.1 POSITION HELD AT ORGANISATION. 6 2.2 DUTIE OF THE DEPARTMENT 6 2.3 RESPOSIBILTY ASSIGNED TO THE INTERNEE. 6 2.4 ROLE OF THE WORKPLACE SUPERVISOR 10 CHAPTER THREE. 11 FINDING AND OBSERVATIONS. 11 3.0 INTRODUCTION. 11 3.1 PERSONAL CONTRIBUTION 11 3.2 DECISION MAKING 13 3.3 MANAGEMENT OF THE INFORMATION. 13 3.4 COMPUTER SKILL. 13 3.5 PROBLEM SOLVING 13 CHAPTER FOUR 14 DISSCUSSION AND RECCOMENDATION. 14 4.0 INTRODUCTION 14 4.1 CHALLENGES OF THE ORGANISATION. 14 4.2 INDIVIDUAL CHALLENGES. 14 4.3 RECOMMENDATION 15 4.4 CONCLUSION 15 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: The institutional structure. 4 Figure 2: Responsibility assigned to the internee. 7 Figure 3: Purchase Order Subproject 8 Figure 4: Delivery notes 9 Figure 5: Good receive note/inspection report. 9 Figure 6:Methodology 12 CHAPTER ONE 1. O INTRODUCTION Amolatar District Local Government is located in the Northern region of Uganda ,it is in the Northern direction from Kampala city and also situated within Lake Kyoga. It consist of fourteen (14) sub-counties and eight parishes. It is amongst the District benefiting from a government program me called Second Northern Uganda Social Action fund (NUSAF2). 1.1 NAME OF THE ORGANISATION. It is government program called Second Northern Uganda Social Action Fund(NUSAF2) 1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE ORGANISATION As a result of the economic stagnation arising out ofShow MoreRelatedChild Development On A Concept Of Attachment And Behavior That Are Measured From The Ethological Evolutionary Perspective1298 Words   |  6 Pageswas organized while the initial author was the fellow of a Center for Study in the advanced field of Behavioral Sciences. The paper was presented during the annual American Psychological Association meeting in September 1968 at symposium conducted in Francisco. The study focus on child development on a concept of attachment and behavior that are measured from the ethological evolutionary viewpoint Attachment exploration and behavior are in balance view, and a biological importance of each is discussedRead MoreImplementation Of The Standard Objects1350 Words   |  6 Pagesand custom fields to capture information relevant to your business. These standard objects will be configured and designed to fit the requirements outlined for VadaTech below. †¢ Account Object: Setup the Account Page Layout / Fields to align with source data for Accounts. Specific modifications will be determined after the current Account data is reviewed during the Business Process Review. o Cases: Related field that shows the case and ticket history o Entitlements: Related field that showsRead MoreBowlby : The Father Of Attachment Theory1503 Words   |  7 Pagesconsidered to be the Father of Attachment Theory. He believed infants have a biological predisposition to form attachments with others because they depend on others to fulfill their needs for survival. He also believed attachment instinct could be activated by various threats, such as fear and separatism. This instinct is activated because primary caregivers allow infants to develop a sense of security and secure base for the infants to explore the world. The attachment theory developed when BowlbyRead MoreInfluences of Attachment Theory on Personality Development 1148 Words   |  5 PagesThe concepts proposed by attachment theory have been very influential to the field of personality psychology. Over the years, many studies have supported the notion that mother-child attachment styles during childhood can impact future styles of behavior. Research conducted by Festa and Ginsburg (2011) examined the impact of parental and peer factors on the development of social anxiety amongst children. Further research conducted by Li and Chan (2012) examined the specific impact of anxiety andRead MoreThe Development of Attachment Essay1435 Words   |  6 PagesThe Development of Attachment 1. Outline the development of attachment According to Shaffer, the development of attachment can be divided into four main phases. Other researchers have then added two additional stages to this original theory.  · Pre Attachment Phase – from birth to 3 months. From 6 weeks the baby develops an attraction to other humans, especially adults in preference to other objects. This can be illustrated through social behavioursRead MoreInternship Reflection1099 Words   |  5 Pagesand I feel that I have to become more self-aware of those feelings (good or bad) and learn how to regulate them in a way that it will not reflect on my work and outcomes with clients. This is a way that I started to exercise my self-awareness in the field. Through this first part of the internship I’ve discovered what best works for me and what doesn’t. What can occasionally interfere in my learning is the fact that I get anxious about deadline furthermore when I feel that I am behind. This impactsRead More The Development of Attachment Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pagesknown as attachment theory. John Bowlby, the creator of this theory, wanted to examine how early childhood experiences influence personality development. Attachment theory specifically examines infant’s reactions to being separated from their primary caregiver. Bowlby hypothesized that the differences in how children react to these situations demonstrates basic behavioral differences in infancy that will have consequences for later social and emotional development. To study attachment theoryRead MoreThe Primary Focus Of Educational Psychology765 Words   |  4 Pagescognition can greatly affect an individual. Ensuring a proper academic foundation is key to aiding on ones developmental success. There are many factors that play into a child’s educational achievement such as pre-natal development, caregiver attachment, culture, household make-up, economics, cognitive ability, and environment to name a few. Several theorists can impact the practices of Educational Psychology, two in particular are Urie Bronfenbrenner and John Bowlby. With either of their theoriesRead MoreThe Study Of Child Psychopathology796 Words   |  4 PagesPsychology and Psychiatry, 51(6), 706-716. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02202.x/abstract The study of child psychopathology is a more recent discussion topic among professionals and experts in the psychology field. There have been several studies that support the idea that child psychopathology is an indicator or predictor for long-term mental issues. However, this brings up an important question as to how a child develops psychopathic characteristics. ResearchRead MoreEssay Scientific Inquiry 1286 Words   |  6 Pagesprocess of critical thinking and asking questions that helps determine factual information that has been tested and proved or disproved instead of relying on assumptions and intuition. Scientific inquiry is important in psychology, as it is in all fields of science, allowing us to examine assumptions, assess outcomes, discern hidden values, evaluate evidence, and put ideas to the test. This scientific approach guards us against hindsight bias, believing after learning an outcome that we would have

Cultural Diversity In Local Politics Essay Research free essay sample

Cultural Diversity In Local Politics Essay, Research Paper Cultural Diversity in Local Politicss Overview This paper explores the bounds and potencies of cultural and racial alliance edifice in Los Angeles. The demographic alterations that have occurred in Los Angeles during the past 20 old ages have been extraordinary, both in range and diverseness. The country has witnessed a actual roar in population growing, increasing from 7 million in 1970 to 8.8 million in 1990. ( US Bureau of the Census ) However, it is the dramatic alteration in cultural and racial diverseness of the population which has caught most perceivers attending. Los Angeles has taken on a new signifier in footings of its racial diverseness, traveling from a biracial to a multi-ethnic scene. The non-Hispanic White population has declined from its 71 per centum portion in 1970 to a narrow numerical plurality of 41 per centum of the county # 8217 ; s population in 1990. Meanwhile, the Latino and Asian Pacific population witnessed a duplicating # 8212 ; from 15 % to 39 % # 8212 ; and near quadrupling? from 3 % to 11 % of their population portions severally. Meanwhile, African Americans, while somewhat turning numerically, were a changeless portion of the county population ( 11 % ) during this period. ( Oliver and Johnson:57-94 ) Thus, on the Eve of the 21st century, Los Angeles has one of the most ethnically diverse populations of any metropolitan country in the state. What does this cultural diverseness mean for multi-ethnic alliance edifice in the political relations of Los Angeles County? Does the altering human ecology addition the chance for cultural cooperation? Or, has the cultural alterations increased instead than decreased the chances of interethnic struggle? Introduction After the 1992 public violences, a clarion call was issued from all corners for the emerging multi-ethnic bulk to take its rightful topographic point in the political relations and leading of the metropolis. A multi-ethnic alliance, it ws suggested, could take the metropolis to a new multicultural hereafter. This call was clearly built on the premise that three frogmans groups? African Americans, Asian Pacific Islanders and Latinos? could come together and prosecute a alliance built on their common involvements. But what do we make cognize about the chances of multi-ethnic alliances? There is voluminous literature on urban political relations. However, this literature has been shaped chiefly by the inquiry of racial political relations. ( Browning, Marshall and Tabb ) That is, how have traditional urban political relations, read White political relations, been affected or impacted by the function of Blacks on the urban scene. Probably the most influential work on Black/White urban political alliances was Carmichael and Hamilton # 8217 ; s Black Power. ( Carmichael and Hamilton ) In this work, as in most of the literature, the foundation of alliances were based on common involvements. They argued that all political dealingss are based on common ego involvement? benefits to be gained and losingss to be avoided. From this position, Carmichael and Hamilton argued, there were no lasting friends or enemies for Blacks in their battle for freedom and power? merely impermanent confederations when ego involvements coincide. Therefore, they rejected the impression that White progressives, whose ideological orientation was favourable to Black aspirations, should be viewed as dependable and digesting Alliess. Rather, they were perceived as one among many which could be either possible Alliess or possible antagonists on the route to power. Carmichael and Hamilton # 8217 ; s accent on involvements and political orientation entirely, when extended to the multi-ethnic scene of Los Angeles, portends a instead black hereafter for multi-ethnic alliances. Alliances hammering common involvements are non readily apparent or clear among the diverseness of racial and cultural groups in Los Angeles. Furthermore, category and cultural divisions between and within cultural and racial groups have structured viing and cross-cutting involvements that, on the face, appear to be overpowering. Cultural groups, for illustration, have diverse involvements based on such factors as citizenship, ethnicity and category. Latinos are divided by the diverse involvement of an immigrant noncitizen population and citizen native population. This became evident in the wake of the public violences when the largely Mexican Americans, citizen-based East Los Angeles leading attempted to dissociate themselves from the more Central-American and recent Mexican immigrant-based occupants of South Central Los Angeles. ( Ramos and Wilkinson ) This division expressed a long standing concern that the Latinoization of Los Angeles political relations was in fact being ushered in under Mexican hegemony. Likewise, diverse involvements are evident on the footing of national beginning. Among Asiatic Pacific Islanders, long standing historical divisions between Koreans, Nipponese, and Chines cause, in some critical instances, group hostility as opposed to integrity. And even African Americans have strong category cleavages that, despite the conjunct efforts of some in-between category Blacks to make out to the demands and the concerns of their less advantaged brethren, show increasing marks of developing into two separate communities. Therefore, in the context of Los Angeles, it is progressively hard to gestate of common involvements among groups who do non themselves have massive involvements. Making common involvement the footing of alliances is exacerbated by the more digesting and apparently intractable issues that derive from the structural concerns cited earlier. Give the economic alterations that have pitted some groups against others for scarce societal and economic resources, conflicting involvements hold begun to emerge around at least four cardinal countries: Jobs, instruction, offense, and the function of authorities. Economicss Since the rebellion, the issue of occupations has become a centripetal force in intergroup dealingss in Los Angeles. While most surveies indicate that there is comparatively small or no supplanting of Blacks by immigrants in the labour market, public sentiment polls systematically show that Blacks are more likely than any other racial group to believe that immigrants take occupations off from native-born Americans. ( Oliver and Johnson:449 ) The most general look of this belief in Los Angeles was the action of Danny Bakewell and the Brotherhood Crusade which picketed reconstructing sites after the public violences in an effort to guarantee that Black labour was involved in the rebuilding of South Central Los Angeles. ( Boyarsky: b2 ) Many Blacks look at Latinos traveling to work mundane and inquire why they themselves do non make non hold occupations? While at the same clip, many Latinos expression at Blacks who are non working and perceive Blacks as lazy and irresponsible. Therefore, two groups ravaged by poorness are divided by their diverse experience in the labour market. Education Education, like occupations, appears on its face to be an country of common involvement for the emerging multi-ethnic bulk. The deficiency of instruction, or hapless instruction, is straight related to economic disadvantage. It would therefore look that issues such as the reform of public instruction would be in the involvement of all of these groups. But, like the issue of occupations, separate involvements permeate the educational sphere, reflecting both cultural and structural issues. Nascent cultural struggles exist over the issue of bilingualism in the schools. White persons, Blacks, and other native-born English talkers express a certain grade of concern over the importance of bilingual instruction for non-English talkers? the recent push of the English-only amendments is but one illustration. ( Horton:578 ) Blacks are concerned on a figure of foreparts. Given that Blacks and Latinos portion school installations more frequently than White persons and Latinos, Black parents show a certain ill will to bilingualism, fearing that it will halter their kids # 8217 ; s already delicate committedness to instruction. A Black male parent in a focal point group instantly following the public violences noted that he moved his kid out of the Lynwood District following a parent-teacher conference in which # 8221 ; ? the instructor comes and tells me that he # 8217 ; s ( his boy ) kiping in class. # 8221 ; The male parent finds out from his boy that he is kiping because # 8220 ; They # 8217 ; re all speech production Spanish. # 8221 ; ( LASUI:1992 ) Similarly, this issue has a structural side to it every bit good. Blacks are concerned that bilingualism will go another screening device to deny Blacks entree to both learning places and administrative places in public bureaucratisms. Advocates of bilingualism, on the other manus, truly indicate out the increasing necessity of a bilingual course of study as the proportion ofd nonnative English-speaking pupils mushrooms. Therefore, instruction becomes another forum where entree to occupations, prestigiousness, and income become the footing for differing multiethnic involvements. Crime Another country of evident common involvement is in the battle against street offense. Crime, particularly street offense, affects communities of colour much more earnestly than Anglo countries. However, immigrant and native minorities have far different involvements and sentiments sing how offense should be addressed. For Blacks and native Latinos, the # 8220 ; acquire tough, more constabularies, longer gaol sentences # 8221 ; scheme is viewed with a certain sum of intuition. While these policies are by and large perceived as valid, there is a concern that these policies will disproportionately adversely affect the young person in their communities. Polices ferociousness will increase, youth will stop up with condemnable records that affect their ability to acquire a occupation, and long sentences will take to the development of a hardened condemnable subculture. On the other side, recent immigrants who are already involved in entrepreneurial activities find the # 8220 ; acquire tough on offense # 8221 ; agenda the apparently Panacea for a life of changeless menace on the streets. Mired in some of the most unsafe and vulnerable countries of the metropolis, this group sees street offense as their biggest enemy in the battle for economic and physical endurance. Their concern is immediate and a heavy handed constabulary and bench is seen as the most efficient agencies to turn to the issue. Role of Government Finally, on the ideological degree, there are some systematic differences between native and immigrant minorities. Native minorities see the function of authorities in much more positive ways. After decennaries of contending for basic civil right, the province is seen as an of import defender of those rights. Legislation designed to saloon favoritism in employment, public scenes, instruction and lodging are viewed as necessary and of import implements to procure these rights. The function of authorities is to step in, to do the playing field carnival, and, to see that minorities are protected from the maltreatments of the bulk. Immigrant minorities, peculiarly those who have a strong entrepreneurial urge, are much less sanguine about the function of authorities. They are more likely to resemble # 8220 ; Republicans # 8221 ; in their laissez faire position of the function of authorities. This is peculiarly the instance in the country of any province intercession in the economic system? an country in which native minorities have been naming for greater engagement, non less. Taken together, the preceding is Sues portend that it will be extremely improbable for the multicultural alliance to emerge. They basically show that a narrow attack to alliances based on common involvements and political orientations about dooms the development of multi-ethnic alliances from the start. The Crisis of Progressive Politicss: The 1993 Los Angeles Mayoral Election The 2nd largest metropolis in the US. , Los Angeles is home to a lasting and powerful biracial alliance? the 20 twelvemonth confederation that sustained Tom Bradley # 8217 ; s mayoralty. Chiefly built by African Americans and broad Jews, the Bradley alliance grew to embrace concern and labour, Latinos and Asiatic Americans. But Los Angles itself has changed dramatically in recent old ages. In the aftermath of lay waste toing civil force in 1992, the Bradley alliance, already deteriorating ? fell from power with the election of a conservative Republican as city manager in 1993. The Black and White populations in the metropolis were challenged by a immense rise in other groups, peculiarly Latino and Asiatic Americans. Thus, Los Angeles has moved from the theoretical account of biracial political relations to the more debatable centre of multi-ethnic political theorizing, terrible societal struggle, and the push back of minority additions. The more exasperating issue is the uncertainness about way and vision. On what footing should alliances be built? colour, category, race, or some other common factor? Two outstanding waies for progressive political relations are rainbow and biracial alliances. In the # 8220 ; rainbow # 8221 ; theory, alliances can best be formed among people of colour, with the engagement of a little figure of progressive White persons. The confederation will be held together by a common disaffection from a White-dominated society, along with a progressive political orientation and common economic involvements. It # 8217 ; s roots lie in the theory of alliance espoused in Carmichael and Hamilton # 8217 ; s Black Power, naming on African Americans to construct alliances non on broad political orientation but on self involvement and a more extremist review of the system. ( Carmichael and Hamilton ) It # 8217 ; s popularity grew with the naming and publicity of the alliance by Jesse Jackson in his presidential runs. The rainbow theoretical account contrasts with the biracial or interracial alliance, in which minority integrity is supplemented by extended links to broad and moderate White persons, The most outstanding White participants in such alliances are Jews. Shared broad political orientation allows members of these alliances to temporarily construct Bridgess across racial lines. Such alliances have provided the footing for the rise of minority political power in a broad assortment of scenes and for the Bradley alliance in Los Angeles. ( Browning, Marshall and Tabb ) Despite the Riordan election being a kind of ideological anomalousness, it was however really of import. It marked a powerful displacement at metropolis hall from a Westside-minority alliance to a Valley-centered government with limited minority power. A characteristic of the Bradley old ages had been the laterality of metropolis committees by progressives from Westside and minority countries. ( Sonenshein: Ch9 ) Riordan was in a place to alter the way of the authorities, and more of import, to set up the leading credibleness of the conservative side. If he were to win, he would put imperfects in a diminished place for some clip to semen. And in clip this might take to a more conservative electorate. In the short tally, nevertheless, there was non a cardinal displacement to the right among the metropoliss electors. Underliing the Riordan triumph were two other of import factors: involvement struggles among the metropolis # 8217 ; s groups and the quality of the leading in assorted communities. Research on interracial alliances suggests that political orientation, involvement and leading are the finding factors in the formation and endurance of such confederations. ( Sonenshein ) By 1993, the public # 8217 ; s perceptual experience of life in Los Angeles had reached critical depressions, moved steadily along by the fright of offense and upset, and so exponentially by the public violences in 1992. LA was a really unhappy metropolis, non merely in the interior metropolis countries, and surely in the suburban San Fernando Valley. White alienation with the position quo was less seeable, but given the White laterality of the elector axial rotations, it carried a great electoral clout. Interminority struggle had been turning every bit good for a figure of old ages ; and the metropolis became even more crowded, grittier and crime-ridden as groups contended over infinites that had antecedently been separate. Approximately 400,000 more people lived in Los Angeles than a decennary before. The engine driving the population addition was in-migration by Latinos and Asians. Suddenly the in-migration issue was going explosive. All this took topographic point in the thick of a acerb recession that hit LA and all of California highly hard. A major proportion of all occupations lost nationally were lost in California, peculiarly in Southern California. South Central Los Angeles, one time a Black bastion, is now a contested country among Blacks, Latinos and Korean American shopkeepers. ( Oliver and Johnson:449 ) Koreatown is now divided between Korean Americans and Latinos. The close San Fernando Valley, one time all White, is now to a great extent Latino. The impression that Los Angeles was populating a captivated urban life, immune from the troubles of other large metropoliss was destroyed in the force of April 1992. Korean American shops were attacked in both South Central LA and in Koreatown. The 1993 mayoral election coincided with the sudden disappearing of a whole coevals of leaders. Within a really short span, Mayor Tom Bradley, Police Chief Daryl Gates, District Attorney Ira Reiner, and county supervisor Kenneth Hahn left office. Those who remained in office were either excessively natural and new, or excessively tied to their ain communities to construct alliances. Others made their trades with Richard Riordan. Few who would take at the grass roots had the clout or the involvement in constructing citywide alliances. Never in the thirty-year span of biracial political relations had there been so few well-known people seeking to make this work. The most widely known progressive leaders in the metropolis was likely the new constabularies head from Philadelphia, Willie Williams. Beyond the autumn of these leaders was the loss of assurance created by the lay waste toing force of 1992. The Watts rebellion of 1965 brought assurance to imperfects. They were out of power, and could see the force as a failure of the conservativists sin power. ( Sonenshein ) No such position could be believable in 1992, after about 20 old ages of biracial broad regulation. The debacle of turning over the Reconstruction of South Central to businessman Peter Ueberroth bespoke a sense of weakened legitimacy at metropolis hall. And would that non be indirectly an statement for the election of a man of affairs like Riordan a twelvemonth subsequently? Decision The 1993 election of Richard Riordan was a [ powerful licking for progressive political relations in LA. Already melting as the new decennary came in, the opinion biracial alliance lost its manner wholly after the civil agitation of 1992. With its leaders aging or go forthing office, with an electorate disenchanted with authorities policies and with the province of their metropolis, fortunes favored the conservative foreigner with limitless financess and a simple message. But the significance of the election was much more complex than a simple displacement to the right. The ideological footing of alliance political relations remained integral, and in that sense the Riordan run represented an adjustment to the overall liberal/moderate nature of the metropolis # 8217 ; s electors. Even an uneffective progressive campaigner got 46 per centum of the ballot. The ideological potency besides counted for less than in the past, now that the metropolis was filled with involvement struggles and unsure leading. After Yorty # 8217 ; s licking in 1969 to Tom Bradley, liberalism was weaker as an electoral base than it is today, but leading and involvement were far stronger in the way of successful alliance and triumph. The prevailing argument between rainbow and biracial alliance political relations eventually led to the licking of both. The rainbow theoretical account, by contrast to the interracial attack, is excessively narrow to be successful. If imperfects concede the majority of the White ballot to the conservativists, and confine their minority entreaties to the rainbow political orientation, so they will be confronting licking for a long clip to come. Latinos and Asiatic Americans must be approached on their ain footings, non merely as sunglassess of the rainbow. Their involvements are alone, and their concerns must be taken earnestly. Hebrews should non be randomly excluded from progressive alliances, they still represent the individual greatest nexus between minority communities and White persons. It is important to construct crosstown alliances, non merely to seek and construct an inner-city confederation against everybody else. To keep power, imperfects need to recognize that the other side is more formidable than in the yesteryear. Conservatives have gone beyond rubbishy demagogy? or at least they do non necessitate to prime the pump any longer? and are reasoning that they can regulate. This attack makes them a lay waste toing menace to take control of the centre. And the centre affairs once more in urban political relations ; if imperfects want justness and conservativists want peace, the balance of power progressively remainders with those who want both peace and justness. In the broadest sense, the 1993 LA elections shows the importance of the argument between biracial and a rainbow theoretical account of minority political relations. In the long tally, the cost of unexamined premises on this inquiry may be profound. ? the push back of hard-won minority political addition. To use the lessons of biracial alliance political relations to a new coevals of imperfects in LA is the most of import undertaking in the old ages to come. Bibliography Boyarsky, Bill. # 8220 ; Competing for Jobs in the New LA, # 8221 ; Los Angeles Times, June 19, 1992. , sec. B, p.2. Browning, Rufus, P. , Dale Rogers Marshall and David Tabb, Protest is Not Adequate: The Struggle of Blacks and Hispanics for Equality in City Politics ( Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984 ) . Carmichael, Stokely, and Charles V. Hamilton, Black Power ( New York: Vintage Books, 1967 ) . Horton, John. # 8220 ; The Politics of Cultural Change: Grass Roots Responses to Economic and Demographic Restructuring in Monterey Park, California, # 8221 ; Urban Geography 10:6 ( 1989 ) : 578-592. LASUI ( Los Angeles Survey of Inequality ) Focus Group Interviews, 1992. Oliver, Melvin L. , and James H. Johnson, Jr. , # 8220 ; Interethnic Conflict in an Urban Ghetto: The Case of Blacks and Latinos in Los Angeles, # 8221 ; Research in Social Motions, Conflict, and Change 6 ( 1984 ) : 57-94 ; US Bureau of the Census.. op. cit. Oliver and Johnson, see above ; Besides by Oliver and Johnson, # 8220 ; Interethnic Minority Conflict in Urban America: The Effectss of Economic and Social Dislocations, # 8221 ; Urban Geography 10 ( 1989 ) : 449-463. Ramos, George and Tracy Wilkinson, # 8220 ; Unrest Widens Rifts in Latino Population, # 8221 ; Los Angeles Times, May 8, 1992. Sonenshein, Rafael J. , Politics in Black and White: Race and Power in Los Angeles ( Princeton: New jersey: Princeton University Press, 1993 ) . US Bureau of the Census, Census of Population and Housing. ( Washington, DC: United states Bureau of the Census, 1970 ) .

Sailing to Byzantium by William Butler Yeats

The poem â€Å"Sailing to Byzantium† was written by William Butler Yeats in 1926, and it was part of a collection called Tower. The title of the poem refers to the ancient city of Byzantium in Turkey that is presently known as Istanbul. It is the first of two poems known together as the Byzantium series. The poem has four eight-line stanzas that are metered in iambic pentameter.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sailing to Byzantium by William Butler Yeats specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The poem is prismatic in nature and viewed from the right perspective, it reveals a spectrum of meanings and emotions. It is through the use of many literary devices that the poet is able to convey these multiple meanings. Yeats, drawing from his personal life experiences, effectively dwells on the themes of escape from the world’s troubles and a search for immortality. Through his meticulous choice of words Yeats br ings out the frustration and intense need for escape and immortality that many people feel in their moments of desperation. In this poem, Yeats imagines himself to be a traveler leaving Ireland for sixth century Byzantium – of which he first talks about highly and then rejects. The poem revolves around the central theme of transformation. Life ends with death and youth evolves into age. The end of youth and life is lamented by Yeats who tries to find spiritual rebirth by leaving the land he is familiar with to a new land, Byzantium. There is a blurring of the physical and spiritual rebirths as the speaker envisions himself as a work of art that can live forever. He opens with the description of the land he has just abandoned. The opening line: â€Å"That is no country for old men.† It is a land of perpetually renewed youth. The poet expresses his deep concern for ‘old age’ while in a subtle manner; he also implies that it is a country that is meant for the young and lively things. These youthful things and abundance of life are well brought out by the poet by references to the ‘the young in one anothers arms’ ‘birds in the trees† ‘the salmon-falls’ and ‘the mackerel crowded seas’ (Yeats 2-4). This is followed by the line â€Å"Whatever is begotten born and dies.† This shows the frustration of the poet at the inevitability of mortality. Yeats rues the fact that the society tends to focus only on the sensual things of the present world and ignores more substantial things such as wisdom and intellect: â€Å"Caught in that sensual music all neglect/Monuments of unageing intellect† (Yeats 7-8). These monuments refer probably to Yeats’ own poetry and philosophy.Advertising Looking for essay on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the second stanza of the poem Yeats carefully asserts why he has r ejected the land of eternal youth and chosen to â€Å". come/To the holy city of Byzantium.† He has grown old and nearing his death and feels very much out of place in the land he has left. The old man, according to Yeats, is â€Å"a paltry thing, / A tattered coat upon a stick† (Yeats 9-10). These lines seem to reflect the poet’s own physical inability and old age. The poet says that the only thing that can give life to such an old man is the ability to sing through his poetry. The poet holds that poetry is the magic potion that can revive him and help him to overcome the transience of time and old age. â€Å"For every tatter in its mortal dress† (Yeats 12) refers to the human body that is suffering from many physical inabilities. The poet reflects that there is no ‘singing school’ implying that poetry cannot be taught. It needs to be studied and that is why the poet travels across the seas and decides to arrive at the â€Å"holy city of By zantium†: the holy city is a sort of paradise that the poet holds in his mind. Here, the writer uses symbolism. His reference to sailing to Byzantium seems to be metaphorical voyage to a land where art and intellect are valued as things of magnificence and permanence. The third stanza expresses the intense plea of the poet to the divine sages of Byzantium to save him from death. He calls out to them â€Å"O sages standing in God’s holy fire† (Yeats 17). He wants them to come from the holy fire and allow him the gift of creating poetry. This is what the poet expresses through the lines: â€Å"Come from the holy fire, perne in a gyre/And be the singing-masters of my soul† (Yeats 19-20). He wants poetry to rule his heart which has no identity of its own: â€Å"It knows not what it is;† (Yeats 23) At this point, the poet once again refers to his aging body and his desires trapped in the aging body through the lines â€Å"sick with desire/And fastened t o a dying animal. The last lines of the stanza are paradoxical. Despite his impotency, the poet is â€Å"sick with desire.† Through the gift of poetry, the poet firmly believes, the sages can save him from mortality and enter the â€Å"artifice of eternity†. In the final stanza, the poet says that once he has escaped mortality, he will not desire to take any natural form as all natural forms are bound to die one day or other. Instead he desires to be a beautiful gold bird. This gold bird would be one like those made by â€Å"Grecian goldsmiths/ Of hammered gold and gold enamelling† (Yeats 25-26). He might in the form of this beautiful golden bird would then enjoy the power â€Å"To keep a drowsy Emperor awake;† He might also be â€Å"set upon a golden bough to sing/To lords and ladies of Byzantium/Of what is past, or passing, or to come† (Yeats 31-32). In this final stanza the poet refers to the fact that true immortality can be acquired only throu gh an intellectual permanence of poetry. The poet feels through his poetry â€Å"the golden bird†, he will be able to â€Å"sing† to many people about â€Å"the past, the present and the future†.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sailing to Byzantium by William Butler Yeats specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This reference to the past, the present and the future indicates the permanence and timelessness the poet believes can come through poetry. The poet in this case symbolically transfigures himself into the very thing he creates. The bird signifies not nature but a work of art and thereby symbolizes all his poetic achievements – â€Å"the artifice of eternity† into which he wants to be gathered. The poet uses symbolism widely in this poem. He refers to a bird in each stanza and the meaning of the bird as one that represents immortality and freedom from physical inabilities is fou nd in the last stanza. The bird is not a natural bird but rather a golden bird and one that is artistically made. This means that the bird is not mortal and cannot die. The fact that it is artistic shows that only through poems – considered works of art in literature- the poet can achieve that immortality. The metaphor of singing that the poet uses throughout the poem refers to the ‘music’ in poetry. Initially, in the first stanza, he talks about the singing of the birds in the trees and in the next two stanzas, there are references to a ‘singing school’. In the last stanza, the poet talks about the song of the golden bird. Thus the poet interweaves the concept of singing throughout the poem. According to him, the world of immortality can be attained only through the intelligent act of writing and reading poems. It has been found that Yeats has used personal experiences to color his poem in a brilliant manner. He came to know about Byzantine art two decades before writing this poem. This knowledge of Byzantine art has been used by him when he writes about the Byzantine mosaics for imagery in the third stanza. When Yeats was nearly sixty years old, he saw Mediterranean mosaic works that compared the permanence of art with the transience of nature (Allen 3728). The impact can be felt in the lines: â€Å"Once out of nature I shall never take / My bodily form from any natural thing, / But such a form as Grecian goldsmiths make† (25-27). Yeats, during that period was suffering physically and was old. His depressed feelings at home made him desire travel. It is probably this desire that is expressed through the metaphoric voyage in the poem. (Allen 3728). Yeats refers to the words associated with mortal life in monosyllables such as â€Å"fish, flesh, fowl† and â€Å"aged man†. But he uses polysyllables to express the permanence of intellect such as â€Å"Monuments of unageing intellect† And â€Å"Of hamm ered gold and gold enamelling.† This technique allows an undercurrent of the superiority of art over human life to flow through the poem. Moreover, when he is in Ireland, Yeats writes of Byzantium and when he reaches Byzantium of his imagination, he writes of nature – simultaneously rejecting and celebrating it.Advertising Looking for essay on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The poem can be taken as a metaphor for the poet’s journey to an ideal afterlife, or as a commentary on the permanence of artistic achievement or both. However, one finds through the use of metaphors, and symbolic language, the poem â€Å"Sailing to Byzantium† is kaleidoscopic and offers multiple ways of interpretation. Moreover, it has become a poem that can be included in comparisons with other poems in the realm of travel, age, nature, birds as symbols and afterlife. It is mostly due to its multiple interpretive capabilities that this poem has reached the permanence and timelessness the poet sought during his lifetime. Works Cited Allen, James Lovic. â€Å"William Butler Yeats.† Critical Survey of Poetry: English Language Series. Revised ed. Vol. 8. Ed. Frank N. Magill. Englewood Cliffs: 1992. 3709-3729. Yeats, William Butler (1927). Sailing to Byzantium. This essay on Sailing to Byzantium by William Butler Yeats was written and submitted by user Lily Merritt to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Biography of Walter Cronkite, Journalist and Anchorman

Biography of Walter Cronkite, Journalist and Anchorman Walter Cronkite was a journalist who defined the role of network anchorman during the decades when television news rose from being the  neglected stepchild of radio to a dominant form of journalism. Cronkite became a legendary figure and was often called the most trusted man in America. Fast Facts: Walter Cronkite Known For: Broadcast journalist and anchorman who covered key moments in American historyAlso Known As: The Most Trusted Man in AmericaBorn: December 4, 1916 in  St. Joseph, MissouriDied: July 17, 2009 in New York City, New YorkEducation: University of Texas at AustinSelected Awards: Presidential Medal of Freedom, NASAs Ambassador of Exploration Award, Four Freedoms Award for the Freedom of SpeechNotable Quote: And thats the way it is. Originally a print reporter who excelled as a battlefield correspondent during  World War II, Cronkite developed a skill for reporting and telling a story which he brought to the embryonic medium of television. As Americans began receiving much of their news from television, Cronkite was  a familiar face in living rooms across the country. During his career Cronkite covered combat up close, putting himself at risk on a number of occasions. In less dangerous assignments he interviewed presidents and foreign leaders, and covered critical events from the  McCarthy era  to the early 1980s. For a generation of Americans, Cronkite provided a highly credible voice and a steady and calm manner during tumultuous times. Viewers related to him, and to his standard closing line at the end of each broadcast: And thats the way it is. Early Life Walter Cronkite was born in St. Joseph, Missouri, on December 4, 1916. The family moved to Texas when Cronkite was a child, and he became interested in journalism during high school. While attending the University of Texas,  he worked for two years part-time for the Houston Post newspaper, and after leaving college he took a variety of jobs at newspapers and radio stations. In 1939, he was hired to be a war correspondent by the United Press wire service. As World War II intensified, the newly married Cronkite departed for Europe to cover the conflict. Formative Experience: World War II By 1942, Cronkite was based in England, sending dispatches back to American newspapers. He was invited into a special program with the U.S. Army Air Force to train journalists to fly aboard bombers. After learning basic skills, including firing the airplanes machine guns, Cronkite flew aboard an Eighth Air Force B-17 on a bombing mission over Germany. The mission turned out to be extremely dangerous. A correspondent from the New York Times, Robert P. Post, who was flying  on another B-17 during the same mission, was killed when the bomber was shot down. (Andy Rooney, a correspondent for Stars and Stripes and a future CBS News colleague of Cronkite, also flew on the mission and, like Cronkite, made it back to England safely.) Cronkite wrote a vivid dispatch about the bombing mission which ran in a number of American newspapers. In the New York Times of February 27, 1943, Cronkites story appeared under the headline Hell 26,000 Feet Up. On June 6, 1944, Cronkite observed the D-Day beach assaults from a military plane. In September 1944, Cronkite covered the airborne invasion of Holland in Operation Market Garden by landing in a glider with paratroopers from the 101st Airborne Division. Cronkite covered the fighting in Holland for weeks, often putting himself at considerable risk. At the end of 1944, Cronkite covered the German offensive that turned into the Battle of the Bulge. In the spring of 1945, he covered the end of the war. Given his wartime experiences, he probably could have gotten a contract to write a book, but he chose to keep his job at United Press as a correspondent. In 1946, he covered the Nuremberg Trials, and following that he opened a United Press bureau in Moscow.   In 1948. Cronkite was back in the United States. He and his wife had their first child in November 1948. After years of travel, Cronkite began gravitating to a more settled life, and began to seriously think about jumping from print journalism to broadcasting. Early TV News In 1949 Cronkite began working for CBS Radio, based in Washington, D.C. He covered the government; a focus of his job was to broadcast reports to stations located in the Midwest. His assignments were not very glamorous, and tended to focus on agricultural policy of interest to listeners in the heartland. When the Korean War began in 1950, Cronkite wanted to return to his role as  an overseas correspondent. But he found a niche in Washington, delivering news about the conflict on local television, illustrating troop movements by drawing lines on a map. His wartime experience seemed to give him a certain confidence on the air, and viewers related to him. At that time, TV news was in its infancy, and many influential radio broadcasters, including even Edward R. Murrow, the legendary star  newsman of CBS Radio, believed television would be a passing fad. Cronkite, however, developed a feel for the medium, and his career took off. He was essentially pioneering the presentation of news on television, while also dabbling in interviews (once taking a tour of the White House with President Harry S. Truman) and even filling in as the host of a popular game show, Its News to Me. The Most Trusted Man in America In 1952, Cronkite and others at CBS put serious effort into presenting, live on the air, the proceedings of both major party political conventions from Chicago. Before the conventions, CBS even offered classes for politicians to learn how to appear on television. Cronkite was the teacher, giving points on speaking and facing the camera. One of his students was a Massachusetts congressman, John F. Kennedy. On election night in 1952, Cronkite anchored CBS News coverage live from a studio at Grand Central Station in New York City. Sharing the duties with Cronkite was a computer, Univac, which Cronkite introduced as an electronic brain that would help tally votes. The computer mostly malfunctioned during the broadcast, but Cronkite kept the show moving along.  CBS executives came to recognize Cronkite as something of a star. To viewers across America, Cronkite was becoming an authoritative voice. In fact, he became known as the most trusted man in America. Throughout the 1950s, Cronkite reported regularly on CBS News programs. He developed an early interest in Americas early space program, reading anything he could find about newly developed missiles and plans to launch astronauts into space. In 1960, Cronkite seemed to be everywhere, covering the political conventions and serving as one of the journalists asking questions at the final Kennedy-Nixon debate. On April 16, 1962, Cronkite began anchoring the CBS Evening News, a position he would hold until he chose to retire in 1981. Cronkite made sure he wasnt merely the anchorman, but the managing editor of the newscast. During his tenure, the broadcast expanded from 15 minutes to a half-hour. On the first program of the expanded format, Cronkite interviewed President Kennedy on the lawn of the Kennedy family house at Hyannis Port, Massachusetts. The interview, conducted on Labor Day 1963, was historically important as the president seemed to be adjusting his policy on Vietnam. It would be one of the last interviews with Kennedy before his death less than three months later. Reporting on Key Moments in American History On the afternoon of November 22, 1963, Cronkite was working in the CBS newsroom in New York City when bells indicating urgent bulletins began ringing on teletype machines. The first reports of a shooting near the presidents motorcade in Dallas were being transmitted via wire services. The first bulletin of the shooting broadcast by CBS News was voice-only, as it took time to set up a camera. As soon as it was possible, Cronkite appeared live on the air. He gave updates on the shocking news as it arrived. Nearly losing his composure, Cronkite made the grim announcement that President Kennedy had died from his wounds. Cronkite stayed on the air for hours, anchoring the coverage of the assassination. He spent many hours on the air in the following days, as Americans engaged in a new sort of mourning ritual, one conducted via the medium of television. In the following years, Cronkite would deliver news about the Civil Rights Movement, the assassinations of Robert Kennedy and Martin Luther King, riots in American cities, and the Vietnam War. After visiting Vietnam in early 1968  and witnessing the violence unleashed in the Tet Offensive, Cronkite returned to America and delivered a rare editorial opinion. In a commentary delivered on CBS, he said that, based on his reporting, the war was a stalemate and a negotiated end should be sought. It was later reported that President Lyndon Johnson was shaken to hear Cronkites assessment, and it influenced his decision not to seek a second term. One big story of the 1960s that Cronkite loved to cover was the space program. He anchored live broadcasts of rocket launches, from projects Mercury through Gemini and to the crowning achievement, Project Apollo. Many Americans learned how the rockets operated by watching Cronkite give basic lessons from his anchor desk. In an era before TV news could utilize advanced special effects, Cronkite, handling plastic models, demonstrated the maneuvers that were being performed in space. When Neil Armstrong stepped onto the surface of the moon on July 20, 1969, a nationwide audience watched the grainy images on television. Many were tuned into CBS and Walter Cronkite, who famously admitted, after seeing Armstrong make his famous first step, Im speechless. Later Career Cronkite continued covering the news through the 1970s, anchoring events such as Watergate and the end of the Vietnam War. On a trip to the Middle East, he interviewed Egyptian president Sadat and Israeli prime minister Begin. Cronkite was given credit for inspiring the two men to meet and eventually forge a peace treaty between their countries. For many, the name Cronkite was synonymous with  the news. Bob Dylan, in a song on his 1975 album Desire, made a playful reference to him: I was sittin home alone one night in L.A.Watching old Cronkite on the seven oclock news... On Friday, March 6, 1981, Cronkite presented his final newscast as an anchorman. He chose to end his tenure as anchor with little fanfare. The New York Times reported that he had spent the day, as usual, preparing the newscast. In the following decades, Cronkite appeared often on television, at first doing specials for CBS, and later for PBS and CNN. He remained active, spending time with a wide circle of friends that came to include artist Andy Warhol and Grateful Dead drummer Mickey Hart. Cronkite also kept with his hobby of sailing in the waters around Marthas Vineyard, where he had long kept a vacation home. Cronkite died at the age of 92 on July 17, 2009. His death was front-page news across America. He is widely remembered as a legendary figure who created and embodied a golden age of television news. Sources Brinkley, Douglas. Cronkite. Harper Perennial, 2013.Martin, Douglas. â€Å"Walter Cronkite, 92, Dies; Trusted Voice of TV News.† New York Times, 17 July 2009, p. 1.Cronkite, Walter. Hell 26,000 Feet Up. New York Times, 17 February 1943, p. 5.

Womens Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment

Women's Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment After the American Civil War, several legal challenges faced the newly-reunited nation. One was how to define a citizen so that former slaves, and other African Americans, were included. (The Dred Scott decision, before the Civil War, had declared that black people had no rights which the white man was bound to respect.) The citizenship rights of those who had rebelled against the federal government or who had participated in secession were also in question. One response was the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, proposed on June 13, 1866, and ratified July 28, 1868. The Fight for Postwar Rights During the Civil War, the developing womens rights movement had largely put their agenda on hold, with most of the womens rights advocates supporting the Union efforts. Many of the womens rights advocates had been abolitionists as well, and so they eagerly supported the war which they believed would end slavery. When the Civil War ended, womens rights advocates expected to take up their cause once again, joined by the male abolitionists whose cause had been won. But when the Fourteenth Amendment was proposed, the womens rights movement split over whether to support it as a means of finishing the job of establishing full citizenship for the freed slaves and other African Americans. Beginnings: Adding Male to the Constitution Why was the Fourteenth Amendment controversial in womens rights circles? Because, for the first time, the proposed Amendment added the word male into the US Constitution. Section 2, which dealt explicitly with voting rights, used the term male. And womens rights advocates, especially those who were promoting suffrage, or the granting of the vote to women, were outraged. Some womens rights supporters, including Lucy Stone, Julia Ward Howe, and Frederick Douglass, supported the Fourteenth Amendment as essential to guaranteeing black equality and full citizenship, even though it was flawed in only applying voting rights to males. Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton led the efforts of some womens suffrage supporters to try to defeat both the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments because the Fourteenth Amendment included the offensive focus on male voters. When the Amendment was ratified, they advocated, without success, for a universal suffrage amendment. Each side of this controversy saw the others as betraying basic principles of equality: supporters of the 14th Amendment saw the opponents as betraying efforts for racial equality, and opponents saw the supporters as betraying efforts for the equality of the sexes. Stone and Howe founded the American Woman Suffrage Association and a paper, the Womans Journal. Anthony and Stanton founded the National Woman Suffrage Association and began publishing the Revolution. The rift would not be healed until, in the late years of the 19th century, the two organizations merged into the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Myra Blackwell and Equal Protection Though the second article of the  Fourteenth Amendment  introduced the word male into the Constitution in respect to voting rights, nevertheless some womens rights advocates decided that they could make a case for womens rights including suffrage on the basis of the first article of the Amendment, which did not distinguish between males and females in granting citizenship rights. The case of Myra Bradwell was one of the first to advocate for use of the 14th Amendment to defend womens rights. Bradwell had passed the Illinois law exam, and a circuit court judge and a state attorney had each signed a certificate of qualification, recommending that the state grant her a license to practice law. However, the Supreme Court of Illinois denied her application on October 6, 1869. The court took into consideration the legal status of a woman as a femme covert- that is, as a married woman, Myra Bradwell was legally disabled. She was, under the common law of the time, prohibited from owning property or entering into legal agreements. As a married woman, she had  no legal existence apart from her husband. Myra Bradwell challenged this decision. She took her case back to the Illinois Supreme Court, using the Fourteenth Amendments equal protection language in the first article to defend her right to choose a livelihood. In her brief, Bradwell wrote, that it is one of the privileges and immunities of women as citizens to engage in any and every provision, occupation or employment in civil life. While the Bradwell case raised the possibility that the 14th Amendment could justify womens equality, the Supreme Court were not ready to agree. In a much-quoted concurring opinion, Justice Joseph P. Bradley wrote: It certainly cannot be affirmed, as a historical fact, that [the right to choose ones profession] has ever been established as one of the fundamental privileges and immunities of the sex. Instead, he wrote, The paramount destiny and mission of women are to fulfill the noble and benign offices of wife and mother. Minor, Happersett, Anthony, and Womens Suffrage While the second article of the  Fourteenth Amendment  to the Constitution  specified certain voting rights connected with males only, womens rights advocates decided that the first article could be used instead to support the full citizenship rights of women. In a strategy carried out by the more radical wing of the movement, led by Anthony and Stanton,  womens suffrage  supporters attempted to cast ballots in 1872.  Anthony  was among those who did so; she was  arrested and convicted  for this action. Another woman,  Virginia Minor, was turned away from the St. Louis polls when she tried to vote⠁  - and her husband, Frances Minor, sued Reese Happersett, the registrar. (Under femme covert presumptions in the law, Virginia Minor could not sue in her own right.) The Minors brief argued that There can be no halfway citizenship. Woman, as a citizen in the United States, is entitled to all the benefits of that position, and liable to all its obligations, or to none. Once again, the Fourteenth Amendment was used to try to ground arguments for womens equality and the right as citizens to vote and hold office⠁  - but the courts did not agree. In a unanimous decision, the United States Supreme Court in  Minor v. Happersett  found that women born or naturalized in the United States were indeed American citizens, and that they always had been even before the Fourteenth Amendment. But the Supreme Court also found that voting was not one of the privileges and immunities of citizenship, and therefore states need not grant voting rights or suffrage to women. Reed v. Reed Applies the Amendment to Women In 1971, the Supreme Court heard arguments in the case of  Reed v. Reed. Sally Reed had sued when Idaho law presumed that her estranged husband should be automatically selected as executor of the estate of their son, who had died without naming an executor. The Idaho law stated that males must be preferred to females in choosing estate administrators. The Supreme Court, in an opinion written by Chief Justice Warren E. Burger, decided that the  Fourteenth Amendment  did prohibit such unequal treatment on the basis of sex⠁  - the first US Supreme Court decision to apply the Fourteenth Amendments equal protection clause to gender or sexual distinctions. Later cases have refined the application of the Fourteenth Amendment to sex discrimination, but it was more than 100 years after passage of the Fourteenth Amendment before it was finally applied to womens rights. Expanding Rights in Roe v. Wade In 1973, the U.S. Supreme Court found in  Roe v. Wade  that the Fourteenth Amendment restricted, on the basis of the Due Process clause, the governments ability to restrict or prohibit abortions. Any criminal abortion statute that did not take into account the stage of pregnancy and other interests than merely the life of the mother was deemed to be a violation of due process. Text of the Fourteenth Amendment The entire text of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, proposed on June 13, 1866, and ratified on July 28, 1868, is as follows: Section. 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.Section. 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.Section. 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.Section. 4. The validity of the public deb t of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.Section. 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. Text of the Fifteenth Amendment Section. 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.Section. 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Love, Speech Pathologist treatment of dementia patients with Research Paper

Love, Speech Pathologist treatment of dementia patients with disruptive behaviors - Research Paper Example This aims at determining how to ensure the quality of patients and family members’ lives in situations of dementia can be improved. According to pathologists, despite the fact that memory loss has been a  prominent  finding  lately  in most dementia patients, the main issue that contributes to institutionalization is the disruptive behavior, such as unnecessary speech associated with the disease. Some of the main symptoms associated with the disease include sleep disturbance, unnecessary speeches, aggression, depression, agitation and psychotic-related features. In addition, behavioral symptoms may be a  result  of dementia illness, Iatrogeneric causes and other  concomitant  illness. However, the  main  error  made by a majority in managing behavioral disturbances is that treatment commences without  identification  of the symptom precipitant. It is  essential  to ensure that before anyone commences treatment the identification of the  disruptive  behaviors and causes is done (Teri, Logsdon, Uomoto, & McCurry, 2012). To ensure that  treatment  of a sick  person is  sati sfactory, the patient’s family and pathologist should have a  sound  understanding  of the issue under treatment. Depression is one of the symptoms and the disruptive behavior of dementia that affects up to 20% of most patients. Depression can be in the form of unnecessary speeches because of  the disease-related neuronal loss and, less frequently,  reaction  to a disease process. For patients suffering from vascular dementia,  depression  mostly  follows the left cerebral hemisphere stroke. Dementia-related diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease, have many patients showing symptoms of depression through their speeches. In most cases it is difficult to  diagnose  patients with depression due to dementia because apathy is  common in both disorders  (Teri, Logsdon, Uomoto, & McCurry,

Emerging markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Emerging markets - Essay Example Emerging markets are becoming the fastest drivers of global development. These markets are expected to grow twice or thrice the number of developed countries like the United States. The public investor continues to underweight these developing markets in their collections. Corporate profits seem to grow rapidly when there is a higher economic growth. One of the reasons why developed markets like the U.S have been ranked high is because of the development of markets outside the country. Some nations are borrowing a leaf from the U.S and are performing well as emerging markets. They include Brazil, Indonesia, Chile, Israel, Egypt, Turkey, Pakistan, Russia, Peru, and Korea. In this context, Turkey and Peru are the markets discussed, putting in mind that some of the factors that have contributed to their emergence are: The significance of trade, the role of the government, investments and savings, and education among others (Larrain, Helmut &Maltzan 67). Factors that have allowed Turkey to move up the development ladder Importance of investments and savings Historically, Turkey has been dependent on developed markets for a huge portion of its investments and savings. However, the country is now focusing to engage in more business with other regions of the world, with the Middle East, Asia, and Africa included. It is this shift in focus that is accelerating the growth and investment of Turkey. In addition to this, Turkey has in recent years overcome a sequence of economic and political challenges and is now benefiting from a period of solid and stable economic growth, which enables it to grow at least five percent yearly. Its world class characteristics include the strategic position at the crossroads of the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. To add on these strategic positions, the huge size of its domestic markets also attracts some investors, who remain confident about the country’s features. The goods market below shows relationship between the savings and in vestments of Turkey at equilibrium. The role of the government, its policies and programs The structural transformation of Turkey was generated by political stability and economic reform. First, the newly implemented FDI frame law by the government marks the foremost instalment of this economic reform to alter the investment setting in the country and make it attract global investors. The FDI frame law ensured equal treatment to all investors regardless of the initial authorization request to move dividends freely, to be guarded against expropriation, to get access to real estate, and to hire emigrants. Turkey reduced corporate tax from approximately 33% to 20% for each company. The reason for doing these was to make Turkey one of the leading liberal nations worldwide in terms of the investment environment and for FDI framework. The consequence of this transformation have been promising and significant, since the country started to grow at a faster rate after 2001 and it now has the utmost industrial power as well as the one of the leading free-market economies. The economic programs were founded on a powerful macroeconomic policy framework. Some of the broad-ranging structural government reforms are a key renovation of the banking system. A liberal foreign investment government, a better investment atmosphere, and privatization are the major pillars of government reform. The economic programs joined with supervisory and regulatory reforms improved the Turkish economy’s toughness to shocks. Consequently, Turkey emerged from the international crisis to be among the globe’s fastest-growing economies (Aguiar, & Gopinath 23). Educational level The availability and access of highly learned personnel is a position-specific element that has made Turkey emerge economically. High educated person are highly required by businesses that invest in technological businesses and have assets in skills like the capabilities to develop intangible or differentiated products. The presence of elites in interaction with labour

How Cleanliness and Sense of Beauty Influence the Life of an Individual Essay Example for Free

How Cleanliness and Sense of Beauty Influence the Life of an Individual Essay How cleanliness and sense of beauty can influence the life of an individual Cleanliness is both the abstract state of being clean and free from dirt, and the process of achieving and maintaining that state. First of all, we should maintain good oral hygiene. We should brush our teeth twice daily, in the morning and after dinner. We replace our tooth brush every three or so months and select one that is best suited for our gum type. It is recommended that we use one with soft bristles as ones with hard bristles can cause bleeding gums. One of the first things that people notice about someone is their teeth and mouth. So we need to invest in a good mouth wash and use that after breakfast to kill off bad breath and make ourselves feel fresh and cleaner instantly. Otherwise, we might have bad breath which will cause people to avoid talking to us. When we are relaxing after a long, hard day, it can be irresistibly tempting to go to bed straight after dinner without having a shower but we must remember to take shower at least once a day, whether it is in the morning, afternoon or night. We should find a shampoo and a conditioner that works best with our hair type. We should always wash our hair after participating in any activities such as swimming in the sea or in a swimming pool and remember to always use both shampoo and conditioner every time we wash our hair, not just one of the two. We should find a good body wash which smells good and works well for us. We should learn to trim and shave excessive hair around the body. Showering and trimming excessive hair is very important. If we do not take shower and have excessive hair, society will avoid us and be filled with disgust towards us. Next, we need find a face wash which works for us. Acne or pimples are no fun to have around, and can make our skin red and irritated. So, we must wash our face every morning after we wake up. Not only will it create a stable face washing routine, it will also help us to feel more awake and alert. This can be an alternative to drinking coffee in the morning! Next, need to use a good antiperspirant, perfume or cologne. This is extremely important as nobody wants to smell bad. There is no need to buy a very expensive perfume just as long as the one we’re buying smells good. We should try and keep a deodorant with us if we know well be participating in any type of physical activity. And mostly we need to keep our bedroom and house clean! We need to keep a rubbish bin in any room we might do any eating or craft-type activities in so whenever we need to throw away rubbish we have a bin to use and we won’t tempted to throw it on the ground. If we leave paper trails and garbage in our house and guests come to visit us, it will look very bad to everybody and they will visit us less often. So, we need to keep our house and environment clean. We should also remember these tips: 1. We shouldn’t share hair brushes or razors. We should clean both of them frequently. 2. We should always wash our clothes as often as we can. 3. We should avoid biting our nails. 4. We should wash our hands before eating any meal so that germs do not spread. We should also wash it after eating any meal so that we remain clean. 5. Where possible, we should avoid participating in activities that make us dirty.

New Reproductive Technology :: Christine Overall Abortion Technology Essays

New Reproductive Technology The article by Christine Overall, "New Reproductive Technology," discusses the issue of abortion and the new technology involved in abortions. The article makes the case that the fetus is not in the ownership of the parents, therefore when an abortion takes place the embryo should be preserved for future use. This embryo could be used at a later time by the parents, or others can adopt it. The primary issue in this article is whether or not abortion is still wrong even if the fetus is preserved after it is removed from the body of the mother. In a traditional legal abortion the fetus is removed and put to death. With new technology the fetus can be preserved so that it can still produce a child at a later time or in another persons body. The issue of abortion is broken up into two aspects according to the author: (1) the expulsion of the fetus and (2) the death to the fetus. Because of these two aspects two rights are created: (1) the right of the mother to control her own body and (2) the right of the fetus to life. With new reproductive technology such as preserving the fetus it must be assumed that the fetus will survive. There is a very great chance that fetuses will not survive outside the body of the natural mother. The chance for survival has risen over the years but is still at about a twenty percent chance of survival. For this new technology to be very successful the chance of survival would have to be much higher. It is highly possible that something could go wrong causing the child to suffer. In the early stages of this new technology what would happen if something unexpected was to occur? Would the staff in charge of taking care of the fetuses be able to change settings on an instrument supporting the fetuses? In the rare event of a power outage or a natural disaster would a generator kick in fast enough to support these fetuses? These questions are all things that would have to be dealt with in the early stages of this new technology as well as in later stages. Supporting a life is not something that can be left unattended at any time.

Oedipus and Creon: Leaders of Thebes Essay

In the plays Oedipus the King and Antigone Sophocles portrays two characters, Oedipus and Creon, as rulers of Thebes. After the murder of Laius, former King of Thebes, Oedipus became leader when he successfully solved the riddle of the Sphinx. Some time later, Creon became King of Thebes as the result of his nephews deaths. â€Å"Oedipus is a good ruler in spite of his defects. Creon is a bad ruler in spite of his virtues.† This essay will discuss Oedipus and Creon as rulers of Thebes. In the eyes of the townspeople, Oedipus is seen as a good leader. He demonstrates the qualities any good leader possesses. When Oedipus learned of the plague that had spread through the town he immediately took action before the town confronted him with their fears. Upon meeting with the town, he notified them of his actions and his understanding of their concerns regarding the outcome of Thebes. Oedipus says, â€Å"You can trust me. I am ready to help, I’ll do anything. I would be blind to misery not to pity my people kneeling at my feet† (Sophocles 159). We see that Oedipus is sympathetic to their needs and concerns and dependable as he had already sent his brother-in-law to gain information from the oracle Upon Creon’s return from the oracle, Oedipus demonstrates his honesty, truthfulness, and determination as leader. Creon states, â€Å"If you want my report in the presence of these people†¦I’m ready now, or we might go inside† (Sophocles 163). Oedipus responds by asking Creon to report right then and there suggesting that he has nothing to hide and only truth to share with Thebes. The news from the oracle suggested that the only way to end the plague was to remove the source of Laius’s death, either by banishment or murder. Oedipus immediately seeks out to uncover the murderer of the former king. These qualities are those admired in a leader, like Oedipus, but hard to find in Creon. Creon, unlike Oedipus, is seen as a poor leader of the town, Thebes. The qualities with which he rules are unlikable. Creon immediately instills a sense of fear as he acknowledges the absolute power he possesses in his initial speech as ruler of Thebes. â€Å"Whoever refuses to adopt the soundest policies but fearing someone, keeps his lips locked tight, he’s utterly worthless. And whoever places a friend above the good of his own country, he  is nothing† (Sophocles 67). Furthermore, Creon issues a decree to his people that anyone who provides Polynices with a proper burial will face death. By enforcing the decree, Creon lacks sympathy for the beliefs of his town and his blood relatives, Antigone and Ismene. When the sentry enters with a message for the King we learn that Creon’s rule focuses on threats and violence. The sentry hesitates to relay this message to Creon fearing that he would react harshly. Creon then demands that the sentry tell all that he knows. The sentry informs Creon that someone has defied the decree and given Polynices proper burial. Creon irrationally accuses the sentry; although he has spoken several times that he is not to blame. The king threatens the sentry saying, â€Å"Well now, you just be clever about your judgments – if you fail to produce the criminals for me, you’ll swear your dirty money brought you pain† (Sophocles 75). Terrified by the King’s word, the sentry quickly leaves to keep watch of Polynices and later returns with news that Antigone is the culprit. We find that Oedipus is a good leader because he is honest, sympathetic, dependable and determined. On the other hand, Creon fails to sympathize with the citizen. The fear and violence of his absolute power became detrimental to his leadership. Despite these differences between Oedipus and Creon, the leaders did share some qualities that influenced the way they ruled. Oedipus and Creon both ruled with pride. Each individual was proud of their actions and the way they lead the people of Thebes. At times they were so proud that they failed to believe what was being told to them. Tiresias proclaims to Oedipus, â€Å"You are the curse, the corruption of the land† (Sophocles 179). Oedipus refuted the truth, â€Å"Aren’t you appalled to start up such a story? You think you can get away with this?† (Sophocles 179) Tiresias warned Oedipus of his family curse and the he was the cause of the plague, but he failed to see this. Similarly, Creon was warned by Tiresias in Antigone of the trouble that was to result from his injustice. â€Å"If he tried to make amends, however low he’s fallen, and stops his bullnecked ways. Stubbornness brands you for stupidity-pride is a crime† (Sophocles 112). Creon failed to accept the information told to him by Tiresias,  instead his pride prevailed until he admitted his wrongdoings at the end of the play, at which it was too late. The town of Thebes was also ruled by both with stubbornness. Once they had an idea set in their minds nothing could change it. Each had a firm belief in what they thought. Creon sentenced Antigone to death, since she was the individual who gave her brother, Polynices, a proper burial. Despite warnings from the town and Tiresias, Creon carried out the sentencing of his niece by sealing her in a cave. His stubborn character led to defiance of the Gods, which led to his downfall as King of Thebes. In Oedipus the King, Oedipus goal was to save his people from the plague by removing the murderer, who was present in the town. Oedipus was stubborn and refused to see the clues which revealed the source of the plague. Eventually, Oedipus overcame his stubbornness and accepted the truth that he was indeed the source of the plague by murdering his father and marrying his mother. Oedipus, being a good leader, remained true to his word and banished himself from Thebes. In conclusion, Sophocles portrays two rulers of Thebes in his plays Oedipus the King and Antigone. Oedipus and Creon share similarities and differences that characterize them as leaders of Thebes. Oedipus is seen as a good ruler due to the fact that he possesses the qualities the town seeks in a leader. Creon is deemed a bad ruler. He places himself above the state, people, and gods therefore being a feared and intimidating leader. Works Cited Sophocles. The Three Theban Plays: Antigone, Oedipus the King, Oedipus at Colonus. New York: Penguin Books, 1984. Works ConsultedMcManus, Barbara. â€Å"Background for Antigone.† CLS 267 Topic Page. 1999. The College ofNew Rochelle. 20 April 2005 Mitchell-Boyask, Robin. â€Å"Study Guide for Sophocles’ Oedipus the King.† Department ofClassics. 2002. Temple University. 22 April 2005

Womens Life

WOMEN’S LIFE WORLD CIVIALIZATIONS HIS 103 OCTOBER 9,2012 The life of a women has changed in way of improvement. Back in the days women couldn’t really do much but stay home and take care of the kids. In the 1800 Elizabethan era times most people's rights were fairly limited. There was no democracy, and most people had very little say in national politics, though on the parochial level, men and women could be elected to parish councils. What you did with your life was as much influenced by your social class, degree of wealth, etc, as it was by your gender.For instance, few children get a chance of more than a very basic education,and most boys and girls would go to work at an early age. it was taken for granted that people defered to those of a higher social class, and the young were expected to defer to the old. For women specifically, there were married women's property acts which were passed in the 1860s and 1880s. The divroce laws were changed so that a woman could o btain a divorce from an adulterous or abusive spouse, and the Infant Custody Act gave women who were innocent parties in divorce the right to have custody of young children.In Elizabethan times, the role of the midwife in society was an important one, since childbirth was regarded as an exclusively female affair. The midwife had to be a woman of good character, and was licenced by the local bishop, since she was authorised to baptise newborn babies who she thought were unlikely to live long enough to have a proper baptissm. However, in the 18th century, the rise of the male obstetrician meant that the midwife became a marginal figure in the childbirthing process,instead of being at the centre of it.In elizabethan times,when most people lived in the country and were at least partially self-sufficient, being a housewife was a demanding role that involved many specialist skills. A housewife had to be able to brew and bake, spin and weave, preserve food, make home remedies for illness, make other household items like soap and candles, many women even made their own cosmetics and perfume. And they would be in charge of the poultry and the dairy, make their own butter and cheese, and sell their urplus produce at market. Women in the Victorian era . A wife's proper role was to love, honour and obey her husband, as her marriage vows stated. A wife's place in the family hierarchy was secondary to her husband, but far from being considered unimportant, a wife's duties to tend to her husband and properly raise her children were considered crucial cornerstones of social stability by the Victorians. Women seen as falling short of society's expectations were believed to be deserving of harsh criticism.In divorce great changes in the situation of women took place in the 19th century, especially concerning marriage laws and the legal rights of women to divorce and/or gain custody of children. The situation that fathers always received custody of their children, leaving the mo ther without any rights, slowly started to change. husband only had to prove his wife's adultery, a woman had to prove her husband had not only committed adultery but also incest, bigamy, cruelty or desertion. Women could secure a separation on the grounds of cruelty and claim custody of their children.Magistrates even authorised protection orders to wives whose husbands have been convicted of aggravated assault. Victorian morality and sexuality Women were expected to have sex with only one man, their husband. However, it was acceptable for men to have multiple partners in their life. If women did have sexual contact with another man, they were seen as ruined or fallen. In education women were not freely offered the opportunity to study subjects of an extended, classical, and commercial nature. This made it difficult for a woman to break free from the societal constraints to achieve independent economical status.Education was specialised by gender. Women were provided with the oppor tunity to study refined subjects such as history, geography and general literature which would provide them with interesting but noncontroversial topics for discussion. Despite the restrictions and stigmatisation, some women did excel in â€Å"male† subjects such as law, physics, engineering, science and art. These women pioneered the path for the much improved gender equality in modern education in the UK. Women were rarely given the opportunity to attend university. It was even said that studying was against their nature and could make them ill.They were to stay more or less an â€Å"ornament of society. An Egyptian woman could acquire possessions in many ways. She could receive it as gifts or as an inheritance from her parents or husband. Or she could receive it from purchases with goods which she earned either through employment, or which she borrowed. A woman had claims to up to one-third of all the community property in her marriage. For example, the property which acc rued to her husband and her only after they were married. When a woman brought her own private property to a marriage, ( dowry), it remained hers, even though the husband often had the free use of it.In the event of a divorce her property had to be returned to her, in addition to any divorce settlement that might be stipulated in the original marriage contract. A woman was free to bequeath property from her husband to her children or even to her own brothers and sisters (unless there was some stipulation against such in her husband's will). A woman could also freely disinherit children of her private property, i. e. , the property she brought to her marriage or her share of the community property. She could selectively bequeath that property to certain children and not to others.Marrige was a very important part of ancient Egyptian society. Some people say it was almost a duty to get married. Compared to today's world, Egyptian marriages were very different; husbands could marry mor e than one wife, and people of close relations (first cousins, brothers and sisters, ect. ) could also wed one another. As you read you can see that women’s life has changed to better a women’s life. The women now have lots of rights and are very successful in many ways. Reference , Ph. D / Role Of Women In Ancient Egypt The Natural women’s museum